U.S. Immigration By Status, 2001 to 2024 🛂

What We're Showing

Net immigration figures in the U.S. from 2001 to 2024, broken down by immigrant status. Data for 2021 to 2024 are projections.

Figures come from the Congressional Budget Office (CBO)'s Demographic Outlook: 2024 to 2054 report and are updated as of January 2024.

The CBO categorizes immigrants into three categories:

• LPR+: Lawful permanent residents (LPRs) plus people who are eligible to apply to become LPRs on the basis of their current status, such as asylees and refugees.
• INA nonimmigrant: People admitted as nonimmigrants under the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA), including students, temporary workers, and foreign officials.
• Other foreign national: People in the U.S. who are not in the first two categories and who have not subsequently become U.S. citizens or received LPR, asylee, or nonimmigrant status—such as those who entered the U.S. illegally or those who entered legally in a temporary status and then remained after that legal status expired.

Key Takeaways

• Overall, net immigration increased the most under current U.S. President Joe Biden's term. CBO estimates for 2021 to 2024 project that the U.S. added over 10 million immigrants across all three categories during this time period.
• The CBO estimates that net immigration to the U.S. was 2.6 million in 2022 and 3.3 million in 2023–larger than net immigration from 2010 to 2019, which averaged 900,000 people per year