Inflation Amid Two Crises
Contrasting Inflationary Trends Among Advanced Economies Post-Pandemic and Ukraine War
Advanced economies encountered the most severe inflationary pressures in almost four decades, dating back to 1982. The annual inflation rate reached 7.3% in 2022, peaking at 8.0% in October of the same year. After a nine-year period of subdued inflation (below 2%) from 2012 to 2020, advanced economies saw a surge in inflation in 2022. The annual inflation rate, which was at 0.4% in November 2020, gradually increased, reaching 6.1% in February 2022. Subsequently, after Russia's invasion of Ukraine, inflation continued to escalate, peaking around 8% from June to October 2022. From November 2022 onwards, inflation gradually receded, reaching 3.2% in December 2023.
Several factors on both the supply and demand sides contributed to high inflation, including supply chain disruptions, rising commodity and import prices, increased production costs, post-pandemic consumption growth, speculation, and expansionary monetary policies.
European countries, in general, experienced higher inflation compared to other advanced economies, primarily due to elevated energy prices, especially natural gas, as a consequence of Russia sanctions. In October 2022, the inflation rate in the European Union was 11.5%, while the United States recorded 9.1% in June 2022.
The peak of inflation occurred in advanced economies between June 2022 and February 2023. Different countries experienced varying trajectories during this period. Some countries, such as Switzerland, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Japan, had a lower inflationary peak ranging from 3.5% to 4%, while others, including Czechia, Netherlands, Belgium, Italy, Sweden, Greece, Austria, and Germany, faced higher inflation ranging from 12% to 18%. Certain East European countries, such as Estonia, Lithuania, and Latvia, experienced a significant inflation peak between 22% and 25%.
Dataset
Inflation (YoY) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
United States | United Kingdom | Switzerland | Canada | Australia | Sweden | Japan | South Korea | Taiwan | Hong Kong | Singapore | Norway | Israel | Denmark | Czechia | Macao | New Zealand | Iceland | Belgium | Germany | Estonia | Ireland | Greece | Spain | France | Croatia | Italy | Cyprus | Latvia | Lithuania | Luxembourg | Malta | Netherlands | Austria | Portugal | Slovenia | Slovakia | Finland | Euro Area | European Union | Advanced Economies | |
2018-01 | 2.1% | 2.7% | 0.7% | 1.7% | 1.6% | 1.3% | 0.8% | 0.9% | 1.7% | 0.0% | 1.6% | 0.1% | 0.7% | 2.2% | 1.7% | 2.4% | 1.8% | 1.5% | 3.6% | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.7% | 1.5% | 1.2% | 1.2% | -1.5% | 2.0% | 3.6% | 1.3% | 1.2% | 1.5% | 1.9% | 1.1% | 1.7% | 2.6% | 0.8% | 1.3% | 1.4% | 1.7% | ||
2018-02 | 2.2% | 2.4% | 0.6% | 2.2% | 1.6% | 1.4% | 1.3% | 2.2% | 3.1% | 0.5% | 2.2% | 0.2% | 0.6% | 1.8% | 3.1% | 2.3% | 1.5% | 1.2% | 3.2% | 0.7% | 0.4% | 1.2% | 1.3% | 0.9% | 0.5% | -0.4% | 1.8% | 3.2% | 1.1% | 1.3% | 1.3% | 1.9% | 0.7% | 1.4% | 2.2% | 0.6% | 1.1% | 1.2% | 1.7% | ||
2018-03 | 2.4% | 2.3% | 0.8% | 2.3% | 1.9% | 1.9% | 1.1% | 1.2% | 1.6% | 2.6% | 0.2% | 2.2% | 0.2% | 0.5% | 1.7% | 2.7% | 1.1% | 2.8% | 1.5% | 1.7% | 2.9% | 0.5% | 0.2% | 1.3% | 1.7% | 1.2% | 0.9% | -0.4% | 2.3% | 2.5% | 1.1% | 1.3% | 1.0% | 2.0% | 0.8% | 1.5% | 2.5% | 0.9% | 1.4% | 1.4% | 1.8% |
2018-04 | 2.5% | 2.2% | 0.8% | 2.2% | 1.7% | 0.6% | 1.5% | 2.0% | 1.9% | 0.1% | 2.4% | 0.4% | 0.8% | 1.9% | 2.9% | 2.3% | 1.6% | 1.3% | 2.9% | -0.1% | 0.5% | 1.1% | 1.8% | 1.4% | 0.6% | -0.3% | 2.1% | 2.2% | 1.3% | 1.4% | 1.0% | 2.0% | 0.3% | 1.9% | 3.0% | 0.8% | 1.2% | 1.3% | 1.8% | ||
2018-05 | 2.8% | 2.3% | 1.0% | 2.2% | 1.9% | 0.7% | 1.5% | 1.8% | 2.1% | 0.4% | 2.3% | 0.5% | 1.1% | 2.2% | 3.0% | 2.0% | 2.3% | 2.5% | 3.1% | 0.7% | 0.8% | 2.1% | 2.3% | 1.8% | 1.0% | 1.0% | 2.4% | 2.9% | 2.1% | 1.7% | 1.9% | 2.1% | 1.4% | 2.2% | 2.7% | 1.0% | 2.0% | 2.0% | 2.2% | ||
2018-06 | 2.9% | 2.3% | 1.1% | 2.5% | 2.1% | 2.1% | 0.7% | 1.5% | 1.4% | 2.4% | 0.6% | 2.6% | 1.3% | 1.1% | 2.6% | 3.1% | 1.5% | 2.6% | 2.6% | 2.1% | 3.9% | 0.7% | 1.0% | 2.3% | 2.3% | 2.2% | 1.4% | 1.7% | 2.7% | 2.6% | 2.4% | 2.0% | 1.7% | 2.3% | 2.0% | 2.3% | 2.9% | 1.2% | 2.0% | 2.0% | 2.2% |
2018-07 | 2.9% | 2.3% | 1.2% | 3.0% | 2.1% | 0.9% | 1.1% | 1.8% | 2.3% | 0.6% | 3.0% | 1.4% | 1.1% | 2.3% | 3.3% | 2.7% | 2.7% | 2.2% | 3.3% | 1.0% | 0.8% | 2.3% | 2.6% | 2.2% | 1.9% | 1.4% | 2.7% | 2.3% | 2.5% | 2.1% | 1.9% | 2.3% | 2.2% | 2.1% | 2.6% | 1.4% | 2.2% | 2.2% | 2.3% | ||
2018-08 | 2.7% | 2.4% | 1.2% | 2.8% | 2.0% | 1.3% | 1.4% | 1.5% | 2.3% | 0.7% | 3.4% | 1.2% | 1.0% | 2.5% | 3.3% | 2.6% | 2.6% | 2.1% | 3.5% | 0.9% | 0.9% | 2.2% | 2.6% | 2.1% | 1.6% | 1.7% | 2.8% | 1.8% | 2.4% | 2.4% | 1.9% | 2.3% | 1.3% | 2.0% | 2.9% | 1.4% | 2.1% | 2.1% | 2.3% | ||
2018-09 | 2.3% | 2.2% | 1.0% | 2.2% | 1.9% | 2.3% | 1.1% | 2.1% | 1.7% | 2.7% | 0.7% | 3.4% | 1.2% | 0.6% | 2.3% | 3.5% | 1.9% | 2.7% | 2.8% | 2.2% | 3.5% | 1.2% | 1.1% | 2.3% | 2.5% | 1.6% | 1.5% | 1.7% | 3.3% | 2.4% | 2.7% | 2.5% | 1.6% | 2.1% | 1.8% | 2.2% | 2.7% | 1.4% | 2.1% | 2.1% | 2.0% |
2018-10 | 2.5% | 2.2% | 1.1% | 2.4% | 2.3% | 2.3% | 1.4% | 2.0% | 1.2% | 2.6% | 0.7% | 3.1% | 1.2% | 0.8% | 2.2% | 3.4% | 2.8% | 3.2% | 2.6% | 4.5% | 1.1% | 1.8% | 2.3% | 2.5% | 1.7% | 1.7% | 1.9% | 3.2% | 2.8% | 2.8% | 2.1% | 1.9% | 2.4% | 0.8% | 2.3% | 2.5% | 1.7% | 2.3% | 2.3% | 2.2% | |
2018-11 | 2.2% | 2.1% | 0.9% | 1.7% | 1.6% | 2.0% | 0.9% | 2.0% | 0.3% | 2.5% | 0.3% | 3.5% | 1.2% | 0.8% | 2.0% | 3.1% | 3.3% | 2.9% | 2.2% | 3.2% | 0.8% | 1.1% | 1.7% | 2.2% | 1.3% | 1.6% | 1.6% | 2.9% | 2.4% | 2.6% | 1.4% | 1.8% | 2.3% | 0.9% | 2.1% | 2.0% | 1.4% | 1.9% | 1.9% | 1.9% | |
2018-12 | 1.9% | 2.0% | 0.7% | 2.0% | 1.8% | 2.0% | 0.3% | 1.3% | -0.1% | 2.5% | 0.5% | 3.5% | 0.8% | 0.8% | 2.0% | 2.9% | 1.9% | 3.7% | 2.2% | 1.7% | 3.3% | 0.8% | 0.6% | 1.2% | 1.9% | 1.0% | 1.2% | 1.0% | 2.5% | 1.8% | 1.9% | 1.2% | 1.8% | 1.7% | 0.6% | 1.4% | 1.9% | 1.3% | 1.5% | 1.6% | 1.6% |
2019-01 | 1.6% | 1.8% | 0.6% | 1.4% | 1.2% | 1.9% | 0.2% | 0.8% | 0.2% | 2.4% | 0.4% | 3.1% | 1.2% | 1.3% | 2.5% | 3.0% | 3.4% | 1.8% | 1.7% | 2.8% | 0.8% | 0.5% | 1.0% | 1.4% | 0.6% | 0.9% | 2.1% | 2.9% | 1.6% | 1.6% | 1.0% | 2.0% | 1.7% | 0.6% | 1.2% | 2.2% | 1.2% | 1.4% | 1.4% | 1.3% | |
2019-02 | 1.5% | 1.8% | 0.6% | 1.5% | 1.5% | 1.9% | 0.2% | 0.5% | 0.2% | 2.1% | 0.5% | 3.0% | 1.2% | 1.1% | 2.7% | 2.8% | 3.0% | 2.0% | 1.7% | 1.9% | 0.7% | 0.8% | 1.1% | 1.6% | 0.8% | 1.1% | 0.8% | 2.8% | 2.0% | 2.1% | 1.3% | 2.6% | 1.4% | 0.9% | 1.3% | 2.3% | 1.3% | 1.5% | 1.6% | 1.3% | |
2019-03 | 1.9% | 1.8% | 0.7% | 1.9% | 1.3% | 1.9% | 0.5% | 0.4% | 0.6% | 2.1% | 0.7% | 2.9% | 1.4% | 1.2% | 3.0% | 2.8% | 1.5% | 2.9% | 2.2% | 1.4% | 2.2% | 1.1% | 1.0% | 1.3% | 1.3% | 1.1% | 1.1% | 1.1% | 2.7% | 2.6% | 2.4% | 1.3% | 2.9% | 1.7% | 0.8% | 1.6% | 2.7% | 1.1% | 1.4% | 1.6% | 1.5% |
2019-04 | 2.0% | 2.0% | 0.7% | 2.0% | 1.8% | 2.1% | 0.9% | 0.6% | 0.7% | 2.9% | 0.9% | 2.9% | 1.3% | 1.0% | 2.8% | 2.8% | 3.3% | 2.0% | 2.1% | 3.2% | 1.7% | 1.1% | 1.6% | 1.5% | 0.8% | 1.1% | 1.2% | 3.3% | 2.7% | 2.2% | 1.7% | 3.0% | 1.7% | 0.9% | 1.8% | 2.4% | 1.5% | 1.7% | 1.9% | 1.7% | |
2019-05 | 1.8% | 1.9% | 0.6% | 2.4% | 1.5% | 2.2% | 0.7% | 0.7% | 0.9% | 2.7% | 0.9% | 2.5% | 1.5% | 0.7% | 2.9% | 2.7% | 3.6% | 1.7% | 1.3% | 3.1% | 1.0% | 0.6% | 0.9% | 1.1% | 1.0% | 0.9% | 0.2% | 3.5% | 2.5% | 2.2% | 1.7% | 2.3% | 1.7% | 0.3% | 1.6% | 2.7% | 1.3% | 1.2% | 1.5% | 1.5% | |
2019-06 | 1.6% | 1.9% | 0.6% | 2.0% | 1.6% | 1.8% | 0.6% | 0.7% | 0.8% | 3.2% | 0.5% | 1.9% | 0.8% | 0.6% | 2.7% | 2.6% | 1.7% | 3.3% | 1.3% | 1.5% | 2.6% | 1.1% | 0.2% | 0.6% | 1.4% | 0.5% | 0.8% | 0.3% | 3.1% | 2.4% | 1.5% | 1.8% | 2.7% | 1.6% | 0.7% | 1.9% | 2.7% | 1.1% | 1.3% | 1.5% | 1.4% |
2019-07 | 1.8% | 2.0% | 0.3% | 2.0% | 1.6% | 1.7% | 0.6% | 0.6% | 0.4% | 3.3% | 0.2% | 1.9% | 0.5% | 0.4% | 2.9% | 2.6% | 3.1% | 1.2% | 1.1% | 2.0% | 0.5% | 0.4% | 0.6% | 1.3% | 0.9% | 0.3% | 0.1% | 3.0% | 2.5% | 1.6% | 1.8% | 2.6% | 1.4% | -0.7% | 2.0% | 3.0% | 1.0% | 1.0% | 1.3% | 1.4% | |
2019-08 | 1.7% | 1.7% | 0.3% | 1.9% | 1.6% | 1.4% | 0.2% | 0.0% | 0.4% | 3.4% | 0.4% | 1.6% | 0.6% | 0.4% | 2.9% | 2.8% | 3.2% | 0.9% | 1.0% | 2.1% | 0.6% | 0.1% | 0.4% | 1.3% | 0.6% | 0.5% | 0.6% | 3.1% | 2.5% | 1.4% | 1.9% | 3.1% | 1.5% | -0.1% | 2.4% | 3.0% | 1.2% | 1.0% | 1.3% | 1.3% | |
2019-09 | 1.7% | 1.7% | 0.1% | 1.9% | 1.7% | 1.5% | 0.2% | -0.4% | 0.4% | 3.2% | 0.4% | 1.5% | 0.3% | 0.5% | 2.7% | 2.7% | 1.5% | 3.0% | 0.6% | 0.9% | 2.2% | 0.6% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 1.1% | 0.6% | 0.2% | -0.5% | 2.3% | 2.0% | 1.1% | 1.6% | 2.7% | 1.2% | -0.3% | 1.7% | 3.0% | 1.0% | 0.8% | 1.1% | 1.2% |
2019-10 | 1.8% | 1.5% | -0.3% | 1.9% | 1.8% | 1.6% | 0.2% | 0.0% | 0.4% | 3.3% | 0.5% | 1.8% | 0.4% | 0.6% | 2.7% | 2.9% | 2.8% | 0.2% | 0.9% | 1.4% | 0.6% | -0.3% | 0.2% | 0.9% | 0.6% | 0.2% | -0.5% | 2.2% | 1.5% | 0.8% | 1.4% | 2.8% | 1.0% | -0.1% | 1.5% | 2.9% | 0.9% | 0.7% | 1.0% | 1.2% | |
2019-11 | 2.1% | 1.5% | -0.1% | 2.2% | 1.8% | 1.8% | 0.5% | 0.2% | 0.6% | 3.2% | 0.6% | 1.6% | 0.3% | 0.7% | 3.1% | 2.7% | 2.7% | 0.4% | 1.2% | 1.8% | 0.8% | 0.5% | 0.5% | 1.2% | 0.8% | 0.2% | 0.5% | 2.0% | 1.7% | 1.0% | 1.3% | 2.6% | 1.2% | 0.2% | 1.4% | 3.2% | 0.8% | 1.0% | 1.3% | 1.4% | |
2019-12 | 2.3% | 1.3% | 0.2% | 2.2% | 1.8% | 1.8% | 0.8% | 0.7% | 1.2% | 2.9% | 0.8% | 1.4% | 0.6% | 0.8% | 3.2% | 2.6% | 1.9% | 2.0% | 0.9% | 1.5% | 1.8% | 1.1% | 1.1% | 0.8% | 1.6% | 1.3% | 0.5% | 0.7% | 2.1% | 2.7% | 1.8% | 1.3% | 2.8% | 1.8% | 0.4% | 2.0% | 3.2% | 1.1% | 1.3% | 1.6% | 1.7% |
2020-01 | 2.5% | 1.8% | 0.2% | 2.4% | 2.7% | 1.3% | 0.8% | 1.2% | 1.9% | 0.7% | 0.8% | 1.8% | 0.3% | 0.7% | 3.6% | 3.0% | 1.7% | 1.4% | 1.6% | 1.6% | 1.1% | 1.1% | 1.1% | 1.7% | 1.8% | 0.4% | 0.7% | 2.2% | 3.0% | 2.5% | 1.4% | 1.7% | 2.2% | 0.8% | 2.3% | 3.2% | 1.2% | 1.4% | 1.7% | 1.8% | |
2020-02 | 2.3% | 1.7% | -0.1% | 2.2% | 2.0% | 1.0% | 0.6% | 0.9% | -0.2% | 2.3% | 0.3% | 0.9% | 0.1% | 0.8% | 3.7% | 2.3% | 2.4% | 1.0% | 1.7% | 2.0% | 0.9% | 0.4% | 0.9% | 1.6% | 1.2% | 0.2% | 1.0% | 2.3% | 2.8% | 1.8% | 1.1% | 1.3% | 2.2% | 0.5% | 2.0% | 3.1% | 1.1% | 1.2% | 1.6% | 1.6% | |
2020-03 | 1.5% | 1.5% | -0.5% | 0.9% | 2.2% | 0.6% | 0.6% | 0.8% | 0.0% | 2.5% | 0.0% | 0.7% | 0.0% | 0.4% | 3.4% | 2.5% | 2.5% | 2.1% | 0.4% | 1.3% | 1.0% | 0.5% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.8% | 0.5% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 1.4% | 1.7% | 0.3% | 1.2% | 1.1% | 1.6% | 0.1% | 0.7% | 2.4% | 0.9% | 0.7% | 1.1% | 1.1% |
2020-04 | 0.3% | 0.9% | -1.1% | -0.2% | 0.1% | -0.4% | 0.2% | 0.0% | -1.0% | 1.9% | -0.7% | 0.8% | -0.6% | 0.0% | 3.2% | 2.1% | 2.2% | 0.0% | 0.8% | -0.9% | -0.3% | -0.9% | -0.7% | 0.4% | -0.1% | 0.1% | -1.2% | -0.1% | 0.9% | -0.8% | 1.1% | 1.0% | 1.5% | -0.1% | -1.3% | 2.1% | -0.3% | 0.3% | 0.6% | 0.3% | |
2020-05 | 0.1% | 0.6% | -1.3% | -0.4% | -0.2% | 0.0% | 0.1% | -0.2% | -1.2% | 1.7% | -0.8% | 1.3% | -1.6% | 0.0% | 2.9% | 1.7% | 2.6% | -0.2% | 0.5% | -1.8% | -0.8% | -0.7% | -0.9% | 0.4% | -0.7% | -0.3% | -1.4% | -0.9% | 0.2% | -1.6% | 0.9% | 1.1% | 0.6% | -0.6% | -1.4% | 2.1% | -0.1% | 0.1% | 0.5% | 0.1% | |
2020-06 | 0.6% | 0.8% | -1.3% | 0.7% | -0.3% | 0.7% | 0.1% | 0.2% | -0.7% | 0.9% | -0.5% | 1.4% | -1.1% | 0.3% | 3.3% | 0.9% | 1.5% | 2.6% | 0.2% | 0.8% | -1.6% | -0.6% | -1.9% | -0.3% | 0.2% | -0.4% | -0.4% | -2.2% | -1.1% | 0.9% | -0.4% | 1.0% | 1.7% | 1.1% | 0.2% | -0.8% | 1.8% | 0.1% | 0.3% | 0.7% | 0.4% |
2020-07 | 1.0% | 1.1% | -0.9% | 0.1% | 0.8% | 0.5% | 0.2% | 0.4% | -0.5% | -2.4% | -0.4% | 1.3% | -0.6% | 0.5% | 3.4% | 0.3% | 3.0% | 1.7% | 0.0% | -1.3% | -0.6% | -2.1% | -0.7% | 0.9% | -0.6% | 0.8% | -2.0% | 0.1% | 0.9% | 0.1% | 0.7% | 1.6% | 1.8% | -0.1% | -0.3% | 1.8% | 0.7% | 0.4% | 0.8% | 0.6% | |
2020-08 | 1.3% | 0.5% | -0.9% | 0.1% | 1.1% | 0.8% | 0.1% | 0.8% | -0.3% | -0.4% | -0.4% | 1.7% | -0.8% | 0.5% | 3.3% | 0.0% | 3.2% | -0.9% | -0.1% | -1.3% | -1.1% | -2.3% | -0.6% | 0.2% | -0.4% | -0.5% | -2.9% | -0.5% | 1.2% | -0.2% | 0.7% | 0.3% | 1.4% | -0.2% | -0.7% | 1.4% | 0.3% | -0.2% | 0.4% | 0.6% | |
2020-09 | 1.4% | 0.7% | -0.8% | 0.5% | 0.7% | 0.4% | -0.2% | 0.9% | -0.6% | -2.5% | 0.0% | 1.6% | -0.7% | 0.6% | 3.2% | -0.4% | 1.4% | 3.5% | 0.5% | -0.4% | -1.3% | -1.2% | -2.3% | -0.6% | 0.0% | -0.3% | -1.0% | -1.9% | -0.4% | 0.6% | -0.3% | 0.5% | 1.0% | 1.2% | -0.8% | -0.7% | 1.4% | 0.3% | -0.3% | 0.2% | 0.6% |
2020-10 | 1.2% | 0.8% | -0.6% | 0.7% | 0.5% | 0.3% | -0.6% | 0.1% | -0.3% | -0.4% | -0.2% | 1.7% | -0.8% | 0.4% | 2.9% | -0.7% | 3.6% | 0.4% | -0.5% | -1.7% | -1.5% | -2.0% | -0.9% | 0.1% | -0.2% | -0.6% | -1.4% | -0.7% | 0.5% | -0.4% | 0.6% | 1.2% | 1.1% | -0.6% | -0.5% | 1.6% | 0.2% | -0.3% | 0.2% | 0.5% | |
2020-11 | 1.2% | 0.6% | -0.7% | 1.0% | 1.1% | 0.2% | -1.0% | 0.6% | 0.1% | -0.4% | -0.1% | 0.7% | -0.6% | 0.5% | 2.7% | -0.9% | 3.5% | 0.2% | -0.7% | -1.2% | -1.0% | -2.1% | -0.8% | 0.2% | 0.0% | -0.3% | -1.1% | -0.7% | 0.4% | -0.7% | 0.2% | 0.7% | 1.1% | -0.4% | -1.1% | 1.6% | 0.2% | -0.3% | 0.2% | 0.4% | |
2020-12 | 1.4% | 0.8% | -0.8% | 0.7% | 0.9% | 0.5% | -1.2% | 0.6% | 0.0% | -0.9% | 0.0% | 1.4% | -0.7% | 0.5% | 2.3% | -0.9% | 1.4% | 3.6% | 0.4% | -0.7% | -0.9% | -1.0% | -2.4% | -0.6% | 0.0% | -0.3% | -0.3% | -0.8% | -0.5% | -0.1% | -0.3% | 0.2% | 0.9% | 1.0% | -0.3% | -1.2% | 1.6% | 0.2% | -0.3% | 0.2% | 0.5% |
2021-01 | 1.4% | 0.9% | -0.5% | 1.0% | 0.4% | 1.6% | -0.7% | 0.9% | -0.2% | 2.6% | 0.2% | 2.5% | -0.4% | 0.6% | 2.2% | -1.2% | 4.3% | 0.6% | 1.6% | 0.3% | -0.1% | -2.4% | 0.4% | 0.8% | 0.0% | 0.7% | -0.8% | -0.5% | 0.2% | 1.1% | 0.2% | 1.6% | 1.1% | 0.2% | -0.9% | 0.7% | 1.0% | 0.9% | 1.2% | 0.9% | |
2021-02 | 1.7% | 0.7% | -0.5% | 1.1% | 1.1% | 1.4% | -0.5% | 1.4% | 1.4% | 0.4% | 0.7% | 3.3% | 0.0% | 0.6% | 2.1% | -1.0% | 4.1% | 0.3% | 1.6% | 0.5% | -0.4% | -1.9% | -0.1% | 0.8% | 0.7% | 1.0% | -0.9% | -0.2% | 0.4% | -0.5% | 0.1% | 1.9% | 1.4% | 0.3% | -1.1% | 0.9% | 0.9% | 0.9% | 1.3% | 1.1% | |
2021-03 | 2.6% | 1.0% | -0.2% | 2.2% | 1.1% | 1.7% | -0.4% | 1.9% | 1.2% | 0.6% | 1.3% | 3.1% | 0.2% | 1.0% | 2.3% | -1.0% | 1.5% | 4.3% | 1.6% | 2.0% | 0.9% | 0.1% | -2.0% | 1.2% | 1.4% | 1.6% | 0.6% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 1.6% | 2.5% | 0.1% | 1.9% | 2.0% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 1.5% | 1.4% | 1.3% | 1.7% | 1.7% |
2021-04 | 4.2% | 1.7% | 0.3% | 3.4% | 2.5% | 2.2% | -1.1% | 2.5% | 2.1% | 0.8% | 2.1% | 3.0% | 0.8% | 1.5% | 3.1% | -0.6% | 4.6% | 2.1% | 2.1% | 1.6% | 1.1% | -1.1% | 2.0% | 1.6% | 2.1% | 1.0% | 1.2% | 1.7% | 2.4% | 3.3% | 0.1% | 1.7% | 1.9% | -0.1% | 2.2% | 1.7% | 2.2% | 1.6% | 2.0% | 2.6% | |
2021-05 | 5.0% | 2.2% | 0.6% | 3.6% | 3.3% | 1.8% | -0.7% | 2.6% | 2.4% | 0.9% | 2.4% | 2.7% | 1.5% | 1.7% | 2.9% | -0.5% | 4.4% | 2.5% | 2.4% | 3.2% | 1.9% | -1.2% | 2.4% | 1.8% | 2.4% | 1.2% | 1.5% | 2.6% | 3.5% | 4.0% | 0.2% | 2.0% | 3.0% | 0.5% | 2.2% | 2.0% | 2.3% | 2.0% | 2.3% | 3.1% | |
2021-06 | 5.4% | 2.4% | 0.6% | 3.1% | 3.8% | 1.3% | -0.4% | 2.3% | 1.8% | 0.7% | 2.4% | 2.9% | 1.7% | 1.7% | 2.8% | -0.1% | 3.3% | 4.3% | 2.6% | 2.1% | 3.7% | 1.6% | 0.6% | 2.5% | 1.9% | 2.2% | 1.3% | 2.2% | 2.7% | 3.5% | 3.4% | 0.2% | 1.7% | 2.8% | -0.6% | 1.7% | 2.5% | 1.9% | 1.9% | 2.2% | 3.3% |
2021-07 | 5.4% | 2.0% | 0.7% | 3.7% | 2.1% | 1.4% | -0.3% | 2.6% | 1.9% | 3.8% | 2.5% | 3.0% | 1.9% | 1.6% | 3.4% | 0.4% | 4.3% | 1.4% | 3.1% | 4.9% | 2.2% | 0.7% | 2.9% | 1.5% | 2.7% | 1.0% | 2.7% | 2.8% | 4.3% | 3.3% | 0.3% | 1.4% | 2.8% | 1.1% | 2.0% | 2.9% | 1.8% | 2.2% | 2.5% | 3.3% | |
2021-08 | 5.3% | 3.0% | 0.9% | 4.1% | 2.5% | 2.1% | -0.4% | 2.6% | 2.3% | 1.6% | 2.4% | 3.4% | 2.2% | 1.8% | 4.1% | 0.4% | 4.3% | 4.7% | 3.4% | 5.0% | 3.0% | 1.2% | 3.3% | 2.4% | 3.1% | 2.5% | 3.3% | 3.6% | 5.0% | 3.5% | 0.4% | 2.7% | 3.2% | 1.3% | 2.1% | 3.3% | 1.8% | 3.0% | 3.2% | 3.6% | |
2021-09 | 5.4% | 2.9% | 0.9% | 4.4% | 3.0% | 2.5% | 0.2% | 2.4% | 2.6% | 1.4% | 2.5% | 4.1% | 2.5% | 2.2% | 4.9% | 0.8% | 4.9% | 4.4% | 3.8% | 4.1% | 6.4% | 3.8% | 1.9% | 4.0% | 2.7% | 3.5% | 2.9% | 3.6% | 4.7% | 6.4% | 4.0% | 0.7% | 3.0% | 3.3% | 1.3% | 2.7% | 4.0% | 2.1% | 3.4% | 3.6% | 3.8% |
2021-10 | 6.2% | 3.8% | 1.2% | 4.7% | 3.0% | 2.8% | 0.1% | 3.2% | 2.5% | 1.8% | 3.2% | 3.5% | 2.3% | 3.0% | 5.8% | 0.9% | 4.5% | 5.4% | 4.6% | 6.8% | 5.1% | 2.8% | 5.4% | 3.2% | 3.9% | 3.2% | 4.4% | 6.0% | 8.2% | 5.3% | 1.4% | 3.7% | 3.8% | 1.8% | 3.5% | 4.4% | 2.8% | 4.1% | 4.4% | 4.4% | |
2021-11 | 6.8% | 4.6% | 1.5% | 4.7% | 3.2% | 3.3% | 0.6% | 3.8% | 2.8% | 1.9% | 3.8% | 5.1% | 2.4% | 3.4% | 6.0% | 1.2% | 4.8% | 7.1% | 6.0% | 8.6% | 5.4% | 4.0% | 5.5% | 3.4% | 4.7% | 3.9% | 4.7% | 7.4% | 9.3% | 6.3% | 2.4% | 5.9% | 4.1% | 2.6% | 4.9% | 4.8% | 3.5% | 4.9% | 5.2% | 5.0% | |
2021-12 | 7.0% | 4.8% | 1.5% | 4.8% | 3.5% | 3.9% | 0.8% | 3.7% | 2.6% | 2.4% | 4.0% | 5.3% | 2.8% | 3.1% | 6.6% | 1.0% | 5.9% | 5.1% | 6.6% | 5.7% | 12.0% | 5.7% | 4.4% | 6.6% | 3.4% | 5.2% | 4.2% | 4.8% | 7.9% | 10.7% | 5.4% | 2.6% | 6.4% | 3.8% | 2.8% | 5.1% | 5.1% | 3.2% | 5.0% | 5.3% | 5.2% |
2022-01 | 7.5% | 4.8% | 1.6% | 5.1% | 4.0% | 3.7% | 0.5% | 3.8% | 2.8% | 1.2% | 4.0% | 3.2% | 3.1% | 4.3% | 9.9% | 1.0% | 5.7% | 8.5% | 5.1% | 11.0% | 5.0% | 5.5% | 6.2% | 3.3% | 5.5% | 5.1% | 5.0% | 7.5% | 12.3% | 4.6% | 4.1% | 7.6% | 4.5% | 3.4% | 6.0% | 7.7% | 4.1% | 5.1% | 5.6% | 5.6% | |
2022-02 | 7.9% | 5.5% | 2.2% | 5.7% | 4.9% | 4.3% | 0.9% | 3.8% | 2.3% | 1.7% | 4.3% | 3.7% | 3.5% | 4.8% | 11.1% | 0.8% | 6.2% | 9.5% | 5.5% | 11.6% | 5.7% | 6.3% | 7.6% | 4.2% | 6.3% | 6.2% | 5.8% | 8.8% | 14.0% | 7.8% | 4.2% | 7.3% | 5.5% | 4.4% | 7.0% | 8.3% | 4.4% | 5.9% | 6.2% | 6.1% | |
2022-03 | 8.5% | 6.2% | 2.4% | 6.7% | 5.1% | 6.0% | 1.2% | 4.2% | 3.3% | 1.8% | 5.4% | 4.5% | 3.5% | 5.4% | 12.7% | 1.1% | 6.9% | 6.7% | 9.3% | 7.6% | 14.8% | 6.9% | 8.0% | 9.8% | 5.1% | 7.3% | 6.8% | 6.2% | 11.5% | 15.6% | 7.9% | 4.5% | 11.7% | 6.6% | 5.5% | 6.0% | 9.6% | 5.8% | 7.4% | 7.8% | 7.0% |
2022-04 | 8.3% | 7.8% | 2.5% | 6.8% | 5.5% | 6.4% | 2.4% | 4.8% | 3.4% | 1.3% | 5.4% | 5.4% | 4.0% | 6.7% | 14.2% | 1.1% | 7.2% | 9.3% | 7.8% | 19.1% | 7.3% | 9.1% | 8.3% | 5.4% | 9.6% | 6.3% | 8.6% | 13.1% | 16.6% | 9.0% | 5.4% | 11.2% | 7.1% | 7.4% | 7.4% | 10.9% | 5.8% | 7.4% | 8.1% | 7.1% | |
2022-05 | 8.6% | 7.8% | 2.9% | 7.7% | 6.1% | 7.3% | 2.4% | 5.3% | 3.4% | 1.3% | 5.6% | 5.7% | 4.1% | 7.4% | 16.0% | 1.1% | 7.6% | 9.9% | 8.7% | 20.1% | 8.3% | 10.5% | 8.5% | 5.8% | 10.7% | 7.3% | 8.8% | 16.8% | 18.5% | 9.1% | 5.8% | 10.2% | 7.7% | 8.1% | 8.7% | 11.8% | 7.1% | 8.1% | 8.8% | 7.5% | |
2022-06 | 9.1% | 8.2% | 3.4% | 8.1% | 6.1% | 8.7% | 2.3% | 6.0% | 3.6% | 1.9% | 6.7% | 6.3% | 4.4% | 8.2% | 17.2% | 1.3% | 7.3% | 8.8% | 10.5% | 8.2% | 22.0% | 9.6% | 11.6% | 10.0% | 6.5% | 12.1% | 8.5% | 9.0% | 19.2% | 20.5% | 10.3% | 6.1% | 9.9% | 8.7% | 9.0% | 10.8% | 12.6% | 8.1% | 8.6% | 9.6% | 7.9% |
2022-07 | 8.5% | 8.8% | 3.4% | 7.6% | 7.2% | 8.5% | 2.6% | 6.3% | 3.4% | 1.9% | 7.0% | 6.8% | 5.2% | 8.7% | 17.5% | 1.4% | 9.9% | 10.4% | 8.5% | 23.2% | 9.6% | 11.3% | 10.7% | 6.8% | 12.7% | 8.4% | 10.6% | 21.3% | 20.9% | 9.3% | 6.8% | 11.6% | 9.4% | 9.4% | 11.7% | 12.8% | 8.0% | 8.9% | 9.8% | 7.8% | |
2022-08 | 8.3% | 8.7% | 3.5% | 7.0% | 7.2% | 9.8% | 3.0% | 5.7% | 2.7% | 1.9% | 7.5% | 6.5% | 4.6% | 8.9% | 17.2% | 1.1% | 9.7% | 10.5% | 8.8% | 25.2% | 9.0% | 11.2% | 10.5% | 6.6% | 12.6% | 9.1% | 9.6% | 21.4% | 21.1% | 8.6% | 7.0% | 13.7% | 9.3% | 9.3% | 11.5% | 13.4% | 7.9% | 9.1% | 10.1% | 7.8% | |
2022-09 | 8.2% | 8.8% | 3.3% | 6.9% | 7.3% | 10.8% | 3.0% | 5.5% | 2.8% | 4.3% | 7.5% | 6.9% | 4.6% | 10.0% | 18.0% | 1.1% | 7.2% | 9.3% | 12.1% | 10.9% | 24.1% | 8.6% | 12.1% | 9.0% | 6.2% | 12.6% | 9.4% | 9.0% | 22.0% | 22.5% | 8.8% | 7.4% | 17.1% | 11.0% | 9.8% | 10.6% | 13.6% | 8.4% | 9.9% | 10.9% | 8.0% |
2022-10 | 7.7% | 9.6% | 3.0% | 6.9% | 7.0% | 10.9% | 3.8% | 5.6% | 2.7% | 1.8% | 6.7% | 7.5% | 5.1% | 10.1% | 15.1% | 1.0% | 9.4% | 13.1% | 11.6% | 22.5% | 9.4% | 9.5% | 7.3% | 7.1% | 12.7% | 12.6% | 8.6% | 21.7% | 22.1% | 8.8% | 7.4% | 16.8% | 11.6% | 10.6% | 10.3% | 14.5% | 8.4% | 10.6% | 11.5% | 8.0% | |
2022-11 | 7.1% | 9.4% | 3.0% | 6.8% | 7.4% | 11.5% | 3.8% | 5.0% | 2.4% | 1.8% | 6.7% | 6.5% | 5.3% | 8.9% | 16.2% | 0.8% | 9.3% | 10.5% | 11.3% | 21.4% | 9.0% | 8.8% | 6.7% | 7.1% | 13.0% | 12.6% | 8.1% | 21.7% | 21.4% | 7.3% | 7.2% | 11.3% | 11.2% | 10.2% | 10.8% | 15.1% | 9.1% | 10.1% | 11.1% | 7.6% | |
2022-12 | 6.5% | 9.2% | 2.8% | 6.3% | 7.8% | 12.3% | 4.0% | 5.0% | 2.7% | 2.0% | 6.5% | 5.9% | 5.3% | 8.7% | 15.8% | 0.8% | 7.2% | 9.6% | 10.2% | 9.6% | 17.5% | 8.2% | 7.6% | 5.5% | 6.7% | 12.7% | 12.3% | 7.6% | 20.7% | 20.0% | 6.2% | 7.3% | 11.0% | 10.5% | 9.8% | 10.8% | 15.0% | 8.8% | 9.2% | 10.4% | 7.1% |
2023-01 | 6.4% | 8.9% | 3.3% | 5.9% | 7.5% | 11.7% | 4.4% | 5.0% | 3.1% | 2.4% | 6.6% | 7.0% | 5.4% | 7.7% | 17.5% | 0.8% | 9.9% | 7.4% | 9.2% | 18.6% | 7.5% | 7.3% | 5.9% | 7.0% | 12.5% | 10.7% | 6.8% | 21.4% | 18.5% | 5.8% | 6.8% | 8.4% | 11.6% | 8.6% | 9.9% | 15.1% | 7.9% | 8.6% | 10.0% | 7.0% | |
2023-02 | 6.0% | 9.2% | 3.4% | 5.2% | 6.8% | 12.0% | 3.3% | 4.7% | 2.4% | 1.7% | 6.3% | 6.3% | 5.2% | 7.6% | 16.7% | 0.8% | 10.2% | 5.4% | 9.3% | 17.8% | 8.1% | 6.5% | 6.0% | 7.3% | 11.7% | 9.8% | 6.7% | 20.1% | 17.2% | 4.8% | 7.0% | 8.9% | 11.0% | 8.6% | 9.4% | 15.4% | 8.0% | 8.5% | 9.9% | 6.6% | |
2023-03 | 5.0% | 8.8% | 2.9% | 4.3% | 7.0% | 10.6% | 3.3% | 4.2% | 2.4% | 1.6% | 5.5% | 6.5% | 5.0% | 6.7% | 15.0% | 0.9% | 6.7% | 9.8% | 4.9% | 7.8% | 15.6% | 7.0% | 5.4% | 3.1% | 6.7% | 10.5% | 8.1% | 6.1% | 17.2% | 15.2% | 2.9% | 7.1% | 4.5% | 9.2% | 8.0% | 10.4% | 14.8% | 6.7% | 6.9% | 8.3% | 5.6% |
2023-04 | 4.9% | 7.8% | 2.6% | 4.4% | 6.7% | 10.5% | 3.5% | 3.7% | 2.3% | 2.0% | 5.7% | 6.4% | 5.0% | 5.3% | 12.7% | 0.8% | 9.9% | 3.3% | 7.6% | 13.2% | 6.3% | 4.5% | 3.8% | 6.9% | 8.9% | 8.6% | 3.9% | 15.0% | 13.3% | 2.7% | 6.4% | 5.8% | 9.4% | 6.9% | 9.2% | 14.0% | 6.3% | 7.0% | 8.1% | 5.5% | |
2023-05 | 4.0% | 7.9% | 2.2% | 3.4% | 5.5% | 9.7% | 3.2% | 3.4% | 2.0% | 2.0% | 5.1% | 6.7% | 4.6% | 2.9% | 11.1% | 0.9% | 9.5% | 2.7% | 6.3% | 11.2% | 5.4% | 4.1% | 2.9% | 6.0% | 8.3% | 8.0% | 3.6% | 12.3% | 10.7% | 2.0% | 6.3% | 6.8% | 8.7% | 5.4% | 8.1% | 12.3% | 5.0% | 6.1% | 7.1% | 4.8% | |
2023-06 | 3.0% | 7.4% | 1.7% | 2.8% | 6.0% | 9.3% | 3.3% | 2.7% | 1.8% | 1.9% | 4.5% | 6.4% | 4.2% | 2.5% | 9.7% | 0.8% | 6.0% | 8.9% | 1.6% | 6.8% | 9.0% | 4.8% | 2.8% | 1.6% | 5.3% | 8.3% | 6.7% | 2.8% | 8.1% | 8.2% | 1.0% | 6.2% | 6.4% | 7.8% | 4.7% | 6.6% | 11.3% | 4.1% | 5.5% | 6.4% | 4.1% |
2023-07 | 3.2% | 6.4% | 1.6% | 3.3% | 4.9% | 9.3% | 3.3% | 2.4% | 1.9% | 1.8% | 4.1% | 5.4% | 3.3% | 3.1% | 8.8% | 0.8% | 7.6% | 1.7% | 6.5% | 6.2% | 4.6% | 3.5% | 2.1% | 5.1% | 8.0% | 6.3% | 2.4% | 6.6% | 7.2% | 2.0% | 5.6% | 5.3% | 7.0% | 4.3% | 5.7% | 10.3% | 4.2% | 5.3% | 6.1% | 4.0% | |
2023-08 | 3.7% | 6.2% | 1.6% | 4.0% | 5.2% | 7.5% | 3.1% | 3.4% | 2.5% | 1.7% | 4.0% | 4.8% | 4.1% | 2.4% | 8.5% | 1.0% | 7.7% | 2.4% | 6.4% | 4.3% | 4.9% | 3.5% | 2.4% | 5.7% | 8.4% | 5.5% | 3.1% | 5.6% | 6.4% | 3.5% | 5.0% | 3.4% | 7.5% | 5.3% | 6.1% | 9.6% | 3.1% | 5.2% | 5.9% | 4.2% | |
2023-09 | 3.7% | 6.4% | 1.7% | 3.8% | 5.4% | 6.5% | 3.0% | 3.7% | 2.9% | 2.0% | 4.1% | 3.3% | 3.8% | 0.9% | 6.9% | 0.9% | 5.6% | 8.0% | 0.7% | 4.3% | 3.9% | 5.0% | 2.4% | 3.3% | 5.7% | 7.4% | 5.6% | 4.3% | 3.6% | 4.1% | 3.4% | 4.9% | -0.3% | 5.8% | 4.8% | 7.1% | 9.0% | 3.0% | 4.3% | 4.9% | 4.0% |
2023-10 | 3.2% | 4.7% | 1.7% | 3.1% | 4.9% | 6.5% | 3.3% | 3.8% | 3.0% | 2.8% | 4.7% | 4.0% | 3.7% | 0.1% | 8.5% | 1.1% | 7.9% | -1.7% | 3.0% | 5.0% | 3.6% | 3.8% | 3.5% | 4.5% | 6.7% | 1.8% | 3.6% | 2.3% | 3.1% | 2.1% | 4.2% | -1.0% | 4.9% | 3.2% | 6.6% | 7.8% | 2.4% | 2.9% | 3.6% | 3.3% | |
2023-11 | 3.1% | 4.2% | 1.4% | 3.1% | 4.3% | 5.8% | 2.9% | 3.3% | 2.9% | 2.5% | 3.6% | 4.8% | 3.3% | 0.6% | 7.3% | 1.2% | 8.0% | -0.8% | 2.3% | 4.1% | 2.5% | 2.9% | 3.3% | 3.9% | 5.5% | 0.6% | 2.4% | 1.1% | 2.3% | 2.1% | 3.9% | 1.4% | 4.9% | 2.2% | 4.5% | 6.9% | 0.7% | 2.4% | 3.1% | 3.0% | |
2023-12 | 3.4% | 4.2% | 1.7% | 3.4% | 3.4% | 4.4% | 2.6% | 3.2% | 2.7% | 2.4% | 3.7% | 4.8% | 3.0% | 0.7% | 6.9% | 1.4% | 4.7% | 7.7% | 0.5% | 3.8% | 4.3% | 3.2% | 3.7% | 3.3% | 4.1% | 5.4% | 0.5% | 1.9% | 0.9% | 1.6% | 3.2% | 3.6% | 1.0% | 5.7% | 1.8% | 3.8% | 6.6% | 1.6% | 2.9% | 3.4% | 3.2% |